Which organelle is known as the 'suicide bag' of the cell? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium producing crystal (Cry) proteins toxic to specific insect larvae, used as a biological insecticide. DDT, malathion, and lindane are synthetic chemical pesticides. Biopesticides are eco-friendly, target-specific, and biodegradable. Bt formulations are used in organic farming. The cry gene is also used in GM crops like Bt cotton.

Explanation:
Humans are ureotelic—they excrete nitrogenous waste mainly as urea, which is less toxic than ammonia and requires moderate water for excretion. Ammonia is excreted by aquatic animals, uric acid by birds and reptiles (to conserve water), and creatinine is also excreted but is a minor component compared to urea.

Explanation:
The Central Dogma of molecular biology was proposed by Francis Crick in 1958. It describes the fundamental flow of genetic information within a biological system: DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into protein. The flow is typically unidirectional: DNA -> RNA -> Protein. While exceptions exist (like reverse transcription in retroviruses, where RNA -> DNA), the central dogma remains the core principle of gene expression.