The 'Central Dogma' of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information, was proposed by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The 'Central Dogma' of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information, was proposed by:
A. Francis Crick
B. James Watson
C. Marshall Nirenberg
D. Severo Ochoa
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The Central Dogma of molecular biology was proposed by Francis Crick in 1958. It describes the fundamental flow of genetic information within a biological system: DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into protein. The flow is typically unidirectional: DNA -> RNA -> Protein. While exceptions exist (like reverse transcription in retroviruses, where RNA -> DNA), the central dogma remains the core principle of gene expression.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Beriberi is caused by the deficiency of vitamin:
A. Vitamin B₁₂ (Cobalamin)
B. Vitamin B₆ (Pyridoxine)
C. Vitamin B₂ (Riboflavin)
D. Vitamin B₁ (Thiamine)

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Beriberi is due to thiamine (B₁) deficiency. It presents as two forms: wet beriberi (cardiovascular) and dry beriberi (neurological). Thiamine is a coenzyme (TPP) in decarboxylation reactions. Common in populations consuming polished rice. Riboflavin deficiency causes cheilosis, pyridoxine deficiency causes peripheral neuropathy and anemia, B₁₂ deficiency causes pernicious anemia.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which part of the human brain is primarily responsible for maintaining balance and posture?
A. Hypothalamus
B. Cerebrum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Cerebellum

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
The cerebellum is a highly folded structure located at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum. It is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, maintaining balance, posture, and equilibrium. Damage to the cerebellum results in ataxia (lack of muscle coordination). The medulla controls vital involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The technique of separating molecules based on their size and charge is:
A. Electrophoresis
B. Chromatography
C. Centrifugation
D. Spectrophotometry

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Gel electrophoresis, especially agarose gel electrophoresis, separates DNA, RNA, or protein fragments based on size and charge under an electric field. Smaller fragments move faster through the gel matrix. Centrifugation separates by density, chromatography by differential partitioning, spectrophotometry measures light absorption. Electrophoresis is a fundamental tool in molecular biology.

This question belongs to: Science Biology