Which process is used to make plants disease-free using meristem culture? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Which process is used to make plants disease-free using meristem culture?
A. Cloning
B. Mutagenesis
C. Hybridization
D. Tissue culture
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Meristem culture, a type of tissue culture, involves excising the virus-free apical meristem (shoot tip) and growing it on a nutrient medium to produce a whole plant free of viruses. This is because meristematic cells lack vascular connections through which viruses spread. Cloning produces identical copies, hybridization crosses varieties, mutagenesis uses mutagens.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Which of the following statements about the food web is correct?
A. It represents interconnected food chains.
B. Energy flow in a food web is cyclic.
C. A food web consists of a single linear chain.
D. Decomposers are not part of food webs.

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
A food web is a network of food chains, showing multiple feeding relationships. Energy flow is unidirectional, and decomposers are integral.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds organelles is the:
A. Nucleoplasm
B. Matrix
C. Protoplasm
D. Cytoplasm

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Cytoplasm is the semifluid material between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, composed of cytosol, organelles, and inclusions. It is the site of many metabolic reactions. Nucleoplasm is inside the nucleus, protoplasm includes cytoplasm and nucleoplasm, and matrix refers to the inner compartment of mitochondria.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The pigment that gives the brown color to algae such as kelp is:
A. Chlorophyll
B. Fucoxanthin
C. Phycocyanin
D. Phycoerythrin

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid pigment found in brown algae (Phaeophyceae) that gives them their characteristic brown or olive-green color, masking the green chlorophyll. Phycoerythrin is red (red algae), phycocyanin blue (cyanobacteria, some red algae). Brown algae include kelps and Fucus.

This question belongs to: Science Biology