Which scientist is associated with the discovery of the smallpox vaccine?
A. Edward Jenner
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Jonas Salk
D. Robert Koch
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Edward Jenner developed the first successful vaccine against smallpox in 1796 using cowpox virus. Pasteur developed rabies vaccine, Koch TB bacterium, Salk polio.
Explanation:
RuBisCO (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is the most abundant protein on Earth and the key enzyme in the Calvin cycle (C3 pathway). It catalyzes the fixation of CO2 by attaching it to Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) to form a 6-carbon intermediate that immediately splits into two molecules of 3-PGA.
Explanation:
Louis Pasteur proved that fermentation is caused by living yeast cells, not spontaneous chemical reactions. Buchner later showed that cell-free extracts could ferment sugar, discovering enzymes. Fleming discovered penicillin, Leeuwenhoek observed microbes.
Explanation:
The bicuspid valve (mitral valve) has two cusps and is located between the left atrium and left ventricle, preventing backflow during ventricular systole. The tricuspid valve is on the right side. Semilunar valves are at the exits of the aorta and pulmonary artery. Mitral valve prolapse is a common condition.
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