Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, introduced the binomial nomenclature system in his book 'Species Plantarum' (1753). This system assigns a two-part scientific name—genus and species—to every organism. For example, Homo sapiens. Darwin proposed natural selection, Hooke discovered cells, and Mendel laid the foundation of genetics. Linnaeus is also known as the father of taxonomy. Binomial names are universally accepted and italicized in print.
Consider statements about scientists: 1. Robert Hooke discovered the cell. 2. Louis Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation. 3. Alexander Fleming discovered the structure of DNA. Which are correct?
Explanation:
Robert Hooke first observed and coined the term 'cell' in 1665 using cork tissue. Louis Pasteur definitively disproved the theory of spontaneous generation using his swan-neck flask experiment. Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic penicillin, not the structure of DNA; that was elucidated by Watson and Crick. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation:
AB positive blood has both A and B antigens and the Rh antigen, so it lacks antibodies against A, B, or Rh. Hence, individuals with AB+ can receive red blood cells from any donor without agglutination. O negative is the universal donor. Compatibility depends on antigens on donor RBCs and antibodies in recipient plasma.
Explanation:
Vaccination involves the introduction of a weakened, killed, or partial pathogen (antigen) into the body. This stimulates the immune system to produce its own antibodies and memory cells without causing the disease. Since the body actively produces the immune response due to an artificial stimulus, it is called artificial active immunity.
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