A mutation that involves the change of a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence is called a: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

A mutation that involves the change of a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence is called a:
A. Frameshift mutation
B. Inversion
C. Chromosomal deletion
D. Point mutation
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted, or deleted from a sequence of DNA or RNA. The classic example is sickle cell anemia, caused by a single point mutation in the beta-globin gene, where adenine is replaced by thymine, changing the amino acid from glutamic acid to valine.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption are:
A. Cilia
B. Nephrons
C. Alveoli
D. Villi

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Villi are microscopic finger-like projections on the inner lining of the small intestine, covered with microvilli (brush border), greatly increasing surface area for absorption of digested nutrients. Each villus contains a lacteal (lymph capillary) and blood capillaries. Alveoli are in lungs, nephrons in kidneys, cilia are hair-like projections on cells.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The technique used to produce monoclonal antibodies involves fusion of B cells with:
A. Macrophages
B. Dendritic cells
C. T cells
D. Myeloma cells

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Hybridoma technology fuses antibody-producing B cells with immortal myeloma cells to create hybridomas that produce monoclonal antibodies. Developed by Kohler and Milstein.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The smallest cell in the human body is:
A. Ovum
B. Red blood cell
C. Neuron
D. Sperm cell

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
The sperm cell is the smallest cell in the human body, about 5 µm in length (head). The ovum is the largest (about 100 µm diameter). RBCs are about 7-8 µm, neurons can be up to a meter long. Sperm cells are highly specialized for motility and genetic material delivery.

This question belongs to: Science Biology