A negative phase of the Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern is associated with:
A. Colder than normal temperatures in the Pacific Northwest
B. Warmer than normal temperatures in the Pacific Northwest
C. Wetter than normal conditions in the Pacific Northwest
D. Drier than normal conditions in the Pacific Northwest
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
A negative PNA phase is associated with colder than normal temperatures in the Pacific Northwest and warmer than normal temperatures in the southeastern United States, with a trough over western North America.
Explanation:
The Earth's atmosphere is mainly heated by longwave terrestrial radiation (infrared radiation) emitted by the Earth's surface after it absorbs solar radiation. The atmosphere is mostly transparent to shortwave solar radiation.
Explanation:
Ozone is a secondary pollutant, meaning it is not emitted directly but is formed in the atmosphere through chemical reactions between primary pollutants (like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) in the presence of sunlight.
Explanation:
Smog in Los Angeles is caused by temperature inversions (due to coastal mountains), which trap emissions, and photochemical reactions from sunlight, creating photochemical smog.
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