Amoebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It is transmitted through ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dysentery (bloody stools). It can also spread to the liver, causing amoebic liver abscesses.
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Gout is a form of arthritis resulting from hyperuricemia and deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints, causing intense pain and inflammation. It is often diet-related. Rheumatoid arthritis is autoimmune, osteoarthritis is degenerative, osteoporosis is loss of bone mass.
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Water moves from the soil (high water potential) into root hair cells (lower water potential due to solutes) by osmosis across the semipermeable membrane. Active transport is for minerals, transpiration pull is for upward movement.
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Growth hormone (somatotropin) is produced by the anterior pituitary. It promotes growth of bones, muscles, and other tissues. Deficiency causes dwarfism; excess causes gigantism or acromegaly.
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