Apoptosis is best described as: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Apoptosis is best described as:
A. Uncontrolled cell division
B. Accidental cell death due to injury
C. Programmed cell death
D. Cell swelling and bursting
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Apoptosis is a highly regulated and organized process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. It is crucial for development, maintaining tissue homeostasis, and eliminating damaged or infected cells. Unlike necrosis (accidental cell death), apoptosis does not cause inflammation and involves cell shrinkage and fragmentation.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Assertion (A): AIDS is caused by a retrovirus.
Reason (R): HIV contains RNA and the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
A. A false, R true.
B. A true, R false.
C. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
HIV is a retrovirus with RNA genome and reverse transcriptase, which converts viral RNA into DNA. This defines retroviruses, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
In the context of human reproduction, the 'Acrosome reaction' in the sperm is triggered when it comes into contact with the:
A. Plasma membrane of the ovum
B. Zona pellucida of the ovum
C. Cumulus oophorus
D. Corona radiata

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
During fertilization, when a capacitated sperm penetrates the outer layer of cumulus cells (corona radiata) and makes contact with the glycoprotein layer called the zona pellucida of the secondary oocyte, it triggers the acrosome reaction. The acrosome (a cap-like vesicle over the sperm head) releases hydrolytic enzymes (like acrosin) that digest a path through the zona pellucida, allowing the sperm to reach and fuse with the oocyte's plasma membrane.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Which radioactive isotope is commonly used for dating relatively recent fossils (up to about 50,000 years old)?
A. Carbon-14
B. Rubidium-87
C. Potassium-40
D. Uranium-238

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Carbon-14 (radiocarbon) dating is used to determine the age of organic materials up to about 50,000 to 60,000 years old. Living organisms absorb Carbon-14 from the atmosphere. When they die, absorption stops, and the Carbon-14 decays at a known rate (half-life of 5,730 years). By measuring the remaining Carbon-14, the age of the fossil can be calculated.

This question belongs to: Science Biology