Assertion (A): Mitochondria and chloroplasts are considered semi-autonomous organelles. Reason (R): They possess their own DNA and ribosomes, and can synthesize some of their own proteins.
A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
B. A is false, but R is true.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA and 70S ribosomes, enabling them to transcribe and translate some proteins independently, though they rely on nuclear genes for most proteins. This partial autonomy supports the endosymbiotic origin hypothesis. The presence of their own genetic material and protein synthesis machinery qualifies them as semi-autonomous. Thus, both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
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