CAM plants adapt to arid conditions by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Nitrogen is an essential component of amino acids (proteins) and nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA). Phosphorus is in nucleic acids and ATP, potassium is an ion, calcium is structural. The nitrogen cycle makes atmospheric N₂ available to organisms through fixation.

Explanation:
In C4 plants, the initial fixation of CO2 occurs in the mesophyll cells. The primary CO2 acceptor is a 3-carbon compound, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). The enzyme PEP carboxylase catalyzes the reaction, forming a 4-carbon compound, oxaloacetate (OAA). In C3 plants, the primary acceptor is RuBP, a 5-carbon compound, and the enzyme is RuBisCO.

Explanation:
A gene is a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA that serves as the fundamental unit of heredity, typically coding for a specific protein or RNA molecule. Alleles are different versions or alternative forms of the same gene that occupy the same locus on homologous chromosomes and determine variations in a trait. The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, while the phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.