The 'Humulin' was the first genetically engineered human therapeutic product approved for clinical use. It is:
A. Human Interferon
B. Human Albumin
C. Human Insulin
D. Human Growth Hormone
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Humulin is the trade name for the first genetically engineered human insulin, approved by the FDA in 1982. Prior to this, insulin for diabetic patients was extracted from the pancreases of pigs and cows, which could cause allergic reactions. Humulin is produced by inserting the human insulin genes into Escherichia coli bacteria, which then synthesize the exact amino acid sequence of human insulin, eliminating the risk of animal-derived immune reactions.
Explanation:
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by extracellular amyloid-beta plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Parkinson's involves dopamine neuron loss, multiple sclerosis demyelination, epilepsy seizures.
Explanation:
Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace independently proposed natural selection as the mechanism for evolution. Darwin published 'On the Origin of Species' in 1859.
Explanation:
Meiosis I features crossing over (prophase I) and independent assortment of homologous chromosomes, creating genetic diversity in gametes. Mitosis produces identical cells, binary fission is asexual, fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction.
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