Color blindness is an example of which type of inheritance? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily caused by rhinoviruses. Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food and water. Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, is a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans primarily by the bite of infected rat fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis). All three statements are correct.

Explanation:
The bottleneck effect is a form of genetic drift that occurs when a population's size is drastically reduced for at least one generation due to a severe environmental event (like a natural disaster, disease, or overhunting). The surviving population is a random, small sample of the original, and its gene pool may not represent the original population's genetic diversity. This leads to a significant loss of genetic variation, making the population more vulnerable to future changes.

Explanation:
Rhodopsin (visual purple) is a photopigment in rod cells consisting of opsin and retinal (from vitamin A). It bleaches upon absorbing light, initiating signal transduction for vision in low light. Cone cells contain iodopsin for color vision. Melanin is skin pigment, hemoglobin carries oxygen.