Consider statements about biotechnology: 1. DNA fingerprinting is used in forensics. 2. Insulin was the first genetically engineered human hormone. 3. Bt brinjal is resistant to herbicides. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Innate immunity is the non-specific, inborn defense mechanism present from birth, providing immediate but general protection against pathogens. Acquired (adaptive) immunity is highly specific, targeting particular antigens and developing memory. The secondary immune response, occurring upon re-exposure to the same antigen, is much faster, stronger, and more prolonged than the primary response due to the presence of memory cells. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
The founder effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated from a larger population, establishing a new population with a different allele frequency. This can lead to reduced genetic variation and increased prevalence of certain traits. Examples: high frequency of polydactyly in Amish community.

Explanation:
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) uses enzyme-linked antibodies to detect and quantify specific antigens or antibodies in a sample. PCR amplifies DNA, Northern blotting detects RNA, Southern blotting DNA.