Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. Scurvy is caused by Vitamin D deficiency. 2. Anemia is often caused by iron deficiency. 3. Goiter is caused by iodine deficiency. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. Scurvy is caused by Vitamin D deficiency. 2. Anemia is often caused by iron deficiency. 3. Goiter is caused by iodine deficiency. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), leading to bleeding gums; rickets is caused by Vitamin D deficiency. Iron is essential for hemoglobin synthesis, and its deficiency leads to iron-deficiency anemia, causing fatigue and weakness. Iodine is required for thyroid hormone production, and its deficiency causes the enlargement of the thyroid gland, known as goiter. Thus, statements 2 and 3 are correct.

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Question #1

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Identify the correct statement about the human reproductive system:

A. The ovum is released from the uterus during ovulation.

B. The vas deferens carries sperm from the testes to the urethra.

C. The prostate gland produces sperm.

D. Fertilization occurs in the ovary.

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Vas deferens transports sperm. The ovum is released from the ovary, fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube, prostate produces seminal fluid.

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Question #2

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Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. Carbohydrates are the primary energy source. 2. Proteins are made of fatty acids. 3. Vitamins are required in large quantities. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 only

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Carbohydrates are the main and most readily available source of energy for cellular processes. Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, not fatty acids, which are components of lipids. Vitamins are micronutrients required in very small (trace) quantities for normal metabolism, unlike macronutrients. Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.

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Question #3

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The gland that is both exocrine and endocrine in function is the:

A. Thyroid

B. Adrenal

C. Pancreas

D. Pituitary

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The pancreas functions as an exocrine gland (secreting digestive enzymes into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct) and an endocrine gland (secreting insulin, glucagon, somatostatin from the islets of Langerhans into the blood). Thyroid, pituitary, and adrenals are purely endocrine.

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