Consider statements about the human nervous system: 1. The brain is protected by the cranium. 2. The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column. 3. Neurons are non-excitable cells. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about the human nervous system: 1. The brain is protected by the cranium. 2. The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column. 3. Neurons are non-excitable cells. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1 and 2 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, protected by the bony cranium and vertebral column, respectively, along with meninges. Neurons are highly excitable cells capable of generating and conducting action potentials in response to stimuli. Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct, while statement 3 is fundamentally incorrect.

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Double fertilization is a characteristic feature of:

A. Gymnosperms

B. Angiosperms

C. Bryophytes

D. Pteridophytes

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
In angiosperms, one sperm fertilizes the egg (zygote) and the other fuses with two polar nuclei (triploid endosperm). This double fertilization is unique.

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Question #2

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The shape of a bacterial chromosome is typically:

A. Linear

B. Triangular

C. Circular

D. Fragmented

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Most bacteria possess a single circular double-stranded DNA molecule located in the nucleoid region. Some bacteria may also have linear chromosomes or multiple chromosomes, but the typical prokaryotic chromosome is circular. Eukaryotes have linear chromosomes. Plasmids are small, circular extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria.

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Question #3

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Consider statements about biotechnology: 1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a natural plant genetic engineer. 2. Bt toxin is active in the acidic gut of insects. 3. RNAi is used to silence specific genes. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 and 3 only

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium that naturally transfers a segment of its Ti plasmid into plant cells, making it a natural genetic engineer used to create transgenic plants. RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular defense mechanism used in biotechnology to silence specific mRNA molecules, preventing gene expression. Bt toxin is inactive in the insect gut until it encounters the alkaline pH, which solubilizes and activates it. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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