Consider the following statements about vitamins: 1. Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. 2. Vitamin D deficiency causes beriberi. 3. Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness. Which of the above is/are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Robert Koch, a German physician and microbiologist, formulated Koch's postulates in the late 19th century. These four criteria are designed to establish a causal relationship between a specific microbe and a specific disease. The postulates require that the microbe must be found in all cases of the disease, isolated and grown in pure culture, cause the disease when inoculated into a healthy susceptible host, and be re-isolated from the experimentally infected host.

Explanation:
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 from the mold Penicillium notatum (later renamed P. chrysogenum). Aspergillus niger is used for citric acid production, Saccharomyces is yeast, Rhizopus is a bread mold. Penicillin was the first true antibiotic and its mass production during WWII saved countless lives. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Explanation:
In cymose inflorescence, the main floral axis has limited growth and terminates in a flower. Subsequent flowers are produced by lateral branches, which also terminate in flowers, creating a sympodial growth pattern. This is in contrast to racemose inflorescence, where the main axis continues to grow indefinitely (monopodial) and flowers are arranged in an acropetal or basipetal order.