C. Non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
D. Two different cells
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. This leads to genetic recombination. Sister chromatid exchange does occur but crossing over specifically refers to the exchange between homologues.
Explanation:
Zymase is the enzyme complex in yeast that catalyzes alcoholic fermentation, converting pyruvate to ethanol and CO₂. Invertase hydrolyzes sucrose, lactase breaks lactose, maltase breaks maltose. Zymase activity is exploited in baking and brewing industries.
Explanation:
The medulla oblongata contains the respiratory rhythmicity centre that controls the rate and depth of breathing. The pons also has pneumotaxic and apneustic centres influencing breathing. The cerebrum can exert voluntary control, cerebellum coordinates movement, and hypothalamus regulates homeostasis.
Explanation:
Kingdom Monera includes all prokaryotic organisms, which lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are prokaryotes and thus belong to Monera. Amoeba is a protist, while yeast and mushrooms are fungi, which belong to the Kingdom Fungi and are eukaryotic.
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