Gene therapy was first attempted to treat a patient with which genetic disorder? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Gene therapy was first attempted to treat a patient with which genetic disorder?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Hemophilia
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Gene therapy involves correcting a genetic defect by introducing a functional gene into a patient's cells. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year-old girl with Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency, a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by a mutation in the ADA gene. The functional ADA gene was introduced into her lymphocytes using a retroviral vector.

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Question #1
The primary source of energy in an ecosystem is:
A. Moonlight
B. Wind
C. Sunlight
D. Geothermal energy

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for almost all ecosystems. Photosynthetic autotrophs (plants, algae, cyanobacteria) capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy, which then flows through the food web. Some deep-sea ecosystems rely on chemosynthesis from hydrothermal vents, but globally, the sun drives the biosphere.

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Question #2
Consider statements about environment: 1. The Chipko movement was for forest conservation. 2. Joint Forest Management involves local communities. 3. Biodiversity hotspots have low species richness. Which are correct?
A. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
The Chipko movement was a grassroots environmental movement in India where villagers hugged trees to prevent them from being cut down, highlighting forest conservation. Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a government initiative involving local communities in the protection and management of degraded forest lands. Biodiversity hotspots are regions with exceptionally high levels of species richness and endemism, not low. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #3
The phenomenon of bending of plant shoot towards a unilateral light source is due to:
A. Differential distribution of auxin, with higher concentration on shaded side
B. Uniform distribution of auxin
C. Photolysis of chlorophyll
D. Inhibition of growth by light

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Phototropism (positive in shoots) is caused by the migration of auxin to the shaded side of the shoot, promoting cell elongation more on that side, causing the shoot to bend towards light. This asymmetric auxin distribution was demonstrated by Went's experiments. Auxin is sensitive to light and moves laterally. This is a growth response to directional light.

This question belongs to: Science Biology