Identify the correct statement about the human excretory system:
A. The urethra connects the kidney to the bladder.
B. The loop of Henle helps in concentrating urine.
C. Urine is formed in the urinary bladder.
D. The functional unit of the kidney is the neuron.
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in the medulla, enabling water reabsorption and concentrated urine. Urine is formed in kidneys, the unit is nephron, ureter connects kidney to bladder.
Explanation:
Urobilin (urochrome) is a breakdown product of bilirubin, giving urine its characteristic yellow color. Bilirubin is in bile, hemoglobin in red blood cells, melanin in skin. Dark yellow urine indicates concentrated urine due to dehydration.
Explanation:
Mature human RBCs have a lifespan of approximately 120 days, after which they are phagocytosed by macrophages in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
Explanation:
The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit that filters blood and forms urine. It consists of the renal corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule) and tubules. Alveoli are lung units, neurons are nerve cells, hepatocytes are liver cells. Each kidney contains about one million nephrons.
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