In recombinant DNA technology, restriction enzymes are used to: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
In recombinant DNA technology, restriction enzymes are used to:
A. Amplify DNA
B. Insert DNA into a host cell
C. Cut DNA at specific recognition sequences
D. Join DNA fragments together
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases) are molecular 'scissors' that cut DNA at specific, highly specific recognition sequences (palindromic sequences). They are essential tools in genetic engineering for cutting both the source DNA (gene of interest) and the vector DNA at specific sites, creating compatible ends for ligation. DNA ligase is used to join the fragments.
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Question #1
The disease caused by the fungus Candida albicans is:
A. Aspergillosis
B. Candidiasis
C. Ringworm
D. Athlete's foot
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Candidiasis (thrush) is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Candida albicans, affecting moist areas like mouth, vagina, and skin folds. Ringworm is caused by dermatophytes, athlete's foot by Trichophyton, aspergillosis by Aspergillus.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The type of root system where many roots arise from the base of the stem, as in grasses, is called:
A. Adventitious root system
B. Prop root system
C. Fibrous root system
D. Taproot system
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Fibrous root systems consist of a dense network of thin, branching roots originating from the stem base, typical of monocots like grasses. Taproot system has a main central root (dicots). Adventitious roots arise from stems or leaves, prop roots are supportive. Fibrous roots are effective in preventing soil erosion.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The technique of producing many identical copies of a plant from a single tissue is:
A. Tissue culture (micropropagation)
B. Selective breeding
C. Cross-pollination
D. Hybridization
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Tissue culture (micropropagation) involves growing plant cells/tissues on a sterile nutrient medium to regenerate whole plants, producing clones. Hybridization is crossing varieties, cross-pollination is natural or artificial pollination, selective breeding chooses parents.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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