In the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following was synthesized? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
In the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following was synthesized?
A. Living cells
B. Nucleic acids
C. Amino acids
D. Complex proteins
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The Miller-Urey experiment (1953) simulated the conditions of the primitive Earth's atmosphere (methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor) in a closed system and applied electrical sparks to simulate lightning. After a week, they found that several organic compounds, including amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), had been synthesized, supporting the theory of chemical evolution.
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Question #1
Marasmus is a disease of severe malnutrition characterized by:
A. Bone deformities
B. Edema and fatty liver
C. Bleeding gums
D. Overall wasting of body tissues and severe calorie-protein deficiency
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition caused by a deficiency of both calories and protein. It results in extreme wasting of muscle and subcutaneous fat, making the child look emaciated or 'wasted'. Unlike kwashiorkor, marasmus typically does not present with edema. The child is extremely weak, has a 'old man' face, and is highly susceptible to infections.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Consider statements about human digestion: 1. Saliva contains the enzyme ptyalin. 2. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid. 3. Bile is produced by the gall bladder. Which are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1 and 2 only
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Salivary glands secrete saliva containing salivary amylase (ptyalin) which begins starch digestion. The stomach's gastric glands secrete HCl, creating an acidic medium for pepsin action. Bile is synthesized continuously by the liver, stored, and concentrated in the gall bladder, but not produced by it. Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct, while 3 is false.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Assertion (A): Mitochondria are called semi-autonomous organelles. Reason (R): They possess their own DNA and ribosomes and can synthesize some proteins.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.
C. A true, R false.
D. A false, R true.
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Mitochondria have circular DNA and 70S ribosomes, enabling them to transcribe and translate some proteins independently, hence semi-autonomous. They still depend on nuclear genes for most proteins. The reason correctly explains the assertion.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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