Physics MCQs

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Physics MCQs

Practice the latest Physics MCQs with answers and detailed explanations. This section includes chapter-wise multiple-choice questions covering mechanics, motion, force, work and energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, modern physics, waves, optics, and other important topics. These exam-oriented MCQs are ideal for Class 9–12, NEET, JEE, CUET, SSC, Banking, Railway, JKSSB, Defence, Police, and other competitive exams.

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Question #421
The scientist who gave the plum pudding model of atom was
A. Rutherford
B. Bohr
C. J.J. Thomson
D. Dalton
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
J.J. Thomson proposed plum-pudding: positive sphere with embedded electrons. Rutherford disproved by gold foil experiment, proposed nuclear model. Bohr added energy levels. Dalton solid sphere.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #422
The speed of sound in air at 0°C is approximately
A. 340 m/s
B. 300 m/s
C. 330 m/s
D. 350 m/s
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
At 0°C, speed ~ 331 m/s. At room temperature (20°C) ~ 343 m/s, often taken as 340. Increases with temperature v ∝ √T. For many problems 340 is used, but at 0°C it's 331. So option A.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #423
The graph between velocity and time for uniform acceleration is
A. Circle
B. Straight line parallel to time axis
C. Straight line inclined to time axis
D. Parabola
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
v = u + at, linear relation, slope = a. Straight line inclined. If a=0, parallel to time axis (uniform velocity). Displacement-time is parabola for uniform acceleration.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #424
A piece of ice floats in water with 1/10 of its volume above water. The density of ice is
A. 0.5 g/cm³
B. 1.0 g/cm³
C. 0.9 g/cm³
D. 0.8 g/cm³
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Fraction of volume submerged = ρ_ice / ρ_water. If 1/10 above, 9/10 submerged. So ρ_ice/ρ_water = 9/10 => ρ_ice = 0.9 g/cm³. Density of ice is 0.9 g/cm³.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #425
The escape velocity from Earth does not depend on
A. Mass of Earth
B. Radius of Earth
C. Universal gravitational constant
D. Mass of the object
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
v_esc = √(2GM/R), independent of m. Heavier object needs more energy, but velocity same. All objects fall at same rate. Important concept.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #426
A ball is dropped from a height of 20 m. Time to reach ground (g=10) is
A. 1 s
B. 2 s
C. 3 s
D. 4 s
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
h = ½gt² => t = √(2h/g) = √(40/10) = √4 = 2 s. Free fall formula. Final velocity v = gt = 20 m/s.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #427
The device used to measure the speed of a vehicle is
A. Odometer
B. Barometer
C. Anemometer
D. Speedometer
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Speedometer measures instantaneous speed of vehicle. Odometer measures distance travelled. Anemometer wind speed. Barometer pressure.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #428
The product of force and displacement in the direction of force is
A. Energy
B. Momentum
C. Work
D. Power
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Work = F s cosθ. Energy is capacity to do work. Power is rate of work. Momentum = m v. Work and energy have same unit joule.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #429
The time taken by a pendulum to complete one oscillation is called
A. Time period
B. Amplitude
C. Frequency
D. Wavelength
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Time period T = 2π√(L/g) for simple pendulum. Frequency = 1/T. Amplitude is max displacement. Wavelength for waves.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #430
Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
A. Gravitational force
B. Muscular force
C. Frictional force
D. Tension in string
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Gravity, electrostatic, magnetic forces act without direct contact. Friction, tension, normal require contact. Field forces are non-contact.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #431
The SI unit of frequency is
A. Second
B. Metre
C. Watt
D. Hertz
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Hertz (Hz) = cycle per second = s⁻¹. Named after Heinrich Hertz. For sound, radio waves. Kilohertz, megahertz, gigahertz.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #432
The angle of reflection is measured from
A. Reflected ray
B. Incident ray
C. Surface of mirror
D. Normal to the surface
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Angle of incidence and reflection are measured with respect to the normal (perpendicular) at point of incidence. Not from surface. If angle from surface given, convert.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #433
The device used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction is
A. Transformer
B. Generator
C. Rectifier
D. Motor
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Generator: coil rotated in magnetic field induces emf. Motor: opposite. Transformer: changes voltage, no moving parts. Rectifier: AC to DC.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #434
The mass of a proton is approximately how many times the mass of an electron?
A. 10
B. 1836
C. 1000
D. 100
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Proton mass ≈ 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg, electron ≈ 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg, ratio ≈ 1836. Neutron slightly heavier. Atomic mass concentrated in nucleus.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #435
A car moving with speed 20 m/s applies brakes and stops in 5 s. The distance covered during braking is
A. 25 m
B. 100 m
C. 50 m
D. 200 m
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
u=20, v=0, t=5, a = (0-20)/5 = -4 m/s². s = ut + ½at² = 20×5 + ½×(-4)×25 = 100 - 50 = 50 m. Or average velocity = (20+0)/2 = 10 m/s, distance = 10×5 = 50 m.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #436
Which of the following is an SI derived unit named after a scientist?
A. Metre
B. Second
C. Pascal
D. Kilogram
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Pascal (Pa) named after Blaise Pascal, derived unit for pressure (N/m²). Metre, kilogram, second are base units. Joule, watt, newton, hertz, coulomb also named scientists.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #437
The process of transfer of heat in fluids by actual movement of particles is called
A. Evaporation
B. Conduction
C. Convection
D. Radiation
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Convection requires medium, movement of hot and cold masses. Land/sea breeze, trade winds, heating water. Conduction vibration transfer without particle movement.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #438
The unit of electric power is
A. Watt
B. Ampere
C. Ohm
D. Joule
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Watt (W) = J/s = V×A. Commercial unit kilowatt-hour (energy). Joule is energy. Ohm resistance. Ampere current.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #439
The SI unit of luminous flux is
A. Lumen
B. Candela
C. Watt
D. Lux
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lumen (lm) = cd·sr. Candela is luminous intensity. Lux is illuminance (lm/m²). These are photometric units, important in lighting.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #440
The temperature of boiling water in Fahrenheit scale is
A. 100°F
B. 32°F
C. 212°F
D. 180°F
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Boiling point 100°C = (9/5×100)+32 = 180+32 = 212°F. Freezing 0°C = 32°F. Body temp 98.4°F ≈ 37°C. Scale conversion.
This question belongs to: Science Physics

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