Oryza sativa is the scientific name of rice, the staple food for a large part of the world. Triticum aestivum is wheat, Zea mays is maize, Hordeum vulgare is barley. All are cereals of the Poaceae family.
Explanation:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) uses Taq polymerase, primers, and thermal cycling to make millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence. Southern blotting detects DNA, electrophoresis separates, sequencing reads bases.
Explanation:
Petrified fossils (permineralization) form when dissolved minerals infiltrate the porous tissues of dead organisms and harden, turning the remains into stone while preserving internal structure. Mold and cast fossils are impressions, trace fossils are tracks or burrows. Petrified wood is a common example.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis captures light energy via chlorophyll and converts CO₂ and H₂O into glucose and O₂. Respiration releases energy from glucose, fermentation is anaerobic, translocation is movement of solutes.
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