The cell wall of bacteria is composed of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The cell wall of bacteria is composed of:
A. Cellulose
B. Hemicellulose
C. Chitin
D. Peptidoglycan
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Bacterial cell walls (except Mycoplasma) contain peptidoglycan (murein), a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptides. Chitin is in fungi and arthropods, cellulose in plants, hemicellulose in plant cell walls along with cellulose.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Consider the following statements about photosynthesis:
1. C3 plants fix CO₂ directly in the Calvin cycle.
2. C4 plants have Kranz anatomy.
3. Photorespiration is higher in C4 plants.
Which of the above is/are correct?
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1 and 2 only

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
C3 plants use Calvin cycle directly; C4 plants have Kranz anatomy and a CO₂-concentrating mechanism. Photorespiration is negligible in C4 plants, higher in C3. Thus, 3 is incorrect.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A. Nephron
B. Alveolus
C. Hepatocyte
D. Neuron

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons. A nephron consists of the Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct. Neurons are units of nervous system, alveoli of lungs, hepatocytes of liver.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The long, cylindrical, highly specialized part of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the:
A. Myelin sheath
B. Axon
C. Soma
D. Dendrite

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
A neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. Dendrites are short, branched processes that receive impulses and conduct them towards the cell body. The axon is a long, single, cylindrical fiber that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. The myelin sheath is an insulating layer around the axon.

This question belongs to: Science Biology