The disease caused by the fungus Candida albicans is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
AUG is the initiation codon and codes for methionine in eukaryotes (formylmethionine in prokaryotes). It signals the start of translation. Arginine codons include CGU, CGC, etc. Alanine is coded by GCU, etc. Glycine by GGU, etc. The genetic code is degenerate, meaning multiple codons can code for the same amino acid, but AUG is unique as the initiator.

Explanation:
The pituitary, located at the base of the brain, controls many endocrine glands via its hormones, earning the name 'master gland'. Insulin is from pancreas; it is connected to hypothalamus by infundibulum.

Explanation:
Emil Fischer proposed the lock-and-key model in 1894, suggesting that the enzyme's active site is exactly complementary to the substrate, like a key fits a lock. Koshland later proposed the induced fit model, which is more widely accepted. Michaelis and Menten developed enzyme kinetics equations.