The 'Haversian system' or 'osteon' is the fundamental functional unit of compact bone in: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The 'Haversian system' or 'osteon' is the fundamental functional unit of compact bone in:
A. Mammalian bone
B. Fish bone
C. Bird bone
D. Cartilage
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The Haversian system (osteon) is the characteristic structural unit of compact (cortical) bone in mammals. It consists of a central Haversian canal (containing blood vessels and nerves) surrounded by concentric layers of calcified matrix called lamellae. Between the lamellae are small spaces called lacunae, which house osteocytes (bone cells). Canaliculi connect the lacunae. Bird bones are pneumatic (hollow), and cartilage lacks Haversian systems.

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The bacteria used in the production of curd from milk is:
A. Vibrio
B. Salmonella
C. Bacillus
D. Lactobacillus

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Lactobacillus species convert lactose to lactic acid, lowering pH and coagulating milk proteins to form curd. It is a probiotic.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
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The silkworm disease caused by the protozoan Nosema bombycis is called:
A. Grasserie
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C. Muscardine
D. Flacherie

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Pebrine is a serious disease of silkworms caused by the microsporidian Nosema bombycis, transmitted transovarially. It was identified by Louis Pasteur. Flacherie is bacterial, muscardine is fungal, grasserie is viral. Pebrine control involves screening mother moths and destroying infected eggs.

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Question #3
The largest and most diverse phylum in the animal kingdom is:
A. Mollusca
B. Arthropoda
C. Chordata
D. Annelida

Correct Answer: Option B


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Arthropoda is the largest phylum, with over a million described species, including insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods. They are characterized by jointed appendages, chitinous exoskeleton, and segmented bodies. Insects alone represent the majority of animal species. Chordata is comparatively smaller.

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