The 'Hormone Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone' (MSH) in humans is primarily derived from the cleavage of a larger precursor protein called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Penicillin is derived from the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum (formerly P. notatum). Alexander Fleming discovered it in 1928.

Explanation:
Vitamin A is essential for the synthesis of rhodopsin, a visual pigment; its deficiency leads to night blindness, the inability to see in low light. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is crucial for carbohydrate metabolism; its deficiency causes beriberi, characterized by nerve and heart dysfunction. Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing; rickets is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D, leading to soft, weak bones in children. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
The cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ in the inner ear, contains the organ of Corti with hair cells that transduce mechanical vibrations into electrical impulses. The eardrum and ossicles conduct sound to the cochlea. The auditory nerve transmits impulses to the brain. Thus, transduction occurs in the cochlea.