The process by which plants shed their leaves is called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Apoptosis is a genetically controlled, energy-dependent process of programmed cell death that removes unwanted, damaged, or infected cells without causing inflammation. It is vital for development (e.g., separation of digits in fingers) and tissue homeostasis. Necrosis is traumatic cell death causing inflammation. Autolysis is self-digestion after death, phagocytosis is engulfment.

Explanation:
Lactase is a brush border enzyme of the small intestine that hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose (milk sugar) into its constituent monosaccharides, glucose and galactose. Maltase acts on maltose, sucrase on sucrose, and amylase on starch. Lactose intolerance results from lactase deficiency, causing gastrointestinal symptoms after dairy consumption.

Explanation:
Robert Hooke observed thin slices of cork under a microscope he designed and saw honeycomb-like compartments which he termed 'cells' in his 1665 book 'Micrographia'. Leeuwenhoek discovered living cells (bacteria, protozoa). Brown discovered the nucleus (1831), and Virchow proposed that all cells arise from pre-existing cells (1855). Hooke's cells were dead, empty cell walls of cork.