The scientist who proposed the 'one gene-one enzyme' hypothesis was:
A. Hershey and Chase
B. Beadle and Tatum
C. Watson and Crick
D. Meselson and Stahl
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
George Beadle and Edward Tatum, working with Neurospora crassa, proposed that each gene controls the synthesis of a specific enzyme (later refined to one gene-one polypeptide). Watson and Crick discovered DNA structure, Hershey-Chase confirmed DNA as genetic material, Meselson-Stahl demonstrated semi-conservative replication.
Explanation:
Biotin (vitamin B₇) is a water-soluble B vitamin that functions as a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes, important in fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. Vitamin B₁ acts in decarboxylation, A and K are fat-soluble. Biotin is widely distributed in foods and also synthesized by gut bacteria.
Explanation:
The 10% law of energy transfer, which states that only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next, was proposed by Raymond Lindeman in 1942. This law explains why food chains typically have only 3-4 trophic levels; there is simply not enough energy available to support higher levels.
Explanation:
George Beadle and Edward Tatum irradiated Neurospora crassa and showed that mutations in specific genes caused defects in specific enzymes, leading to the one gene-one enzyme concept. Watson and Crick discovered DNA structure, Mendel laws of inheritance, Morgan chromosome theory.
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