The technique of creating a gene library by inserting DNA fragments into plasmid vectors and introducing into bacteria is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

The technique of creating a gene library by inserting DNA fragments into plasmid vectors and introducing into bacteria is:

A. PCR

B. Microarray

C. DNA sequencing

D. Cloning

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Molecular cloning involves inserting a DNA fragment into a vector (e.g., plasmid), which is then taken up by host cells (e.g., E. coli). As the bacteria replicate, they produce many copies of the inserted DNA, creating a gene library. PCR amplifies without vectors, sequencing reads bases, microarrays analyze expression.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about Mendel's laws: 1. The Law of Segregation applies to alleles of a single gene. 2. The Law of Independent Assortment applies to genes on the same chromosome. 3. Mendel worked on pea plants. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, applying to a single gene. His Law of Independent Assortment applies to genes located on different (non-homologous) chromosomes, not those linked on the same chromosome. Mendel conducted his pioneering genetic experiments on the garden pea, Pisum sativum. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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Question #2

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Identify the INCORRECT statement about carbohydrates:

A. Cellulose is a storage carbohydrate in plants.

B. Glycogen is the storage form in animals.

C. Starch is a polysaccharide.

D. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide, not storage. Starch is storage in plants. Glycogen is animal storage. So C is incorrect.

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Question #3

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The scientist who discovered the blood groups (ABO system) was:

A. Karl Landsteiner

B. Paul Ehrlich

C. Charles Drew

D. Alexander Fleming

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901, for which he received the Nobel Prize. He also discovered the Rh factor with others.

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