Genotype is the set of alleles an individual possesses for a particular gene or trait (e.g., TT, Tt, tt). Phenotype is the observable characteristic. Karyotype is the chromosome complement.
Explanation:
The epiglottis is a cartilage flap that covers the glottis (laryngeal opening) during swallowing, directing food into the esophagus and protecting the airway. The tongue manipulates food, the uvula prevents nasal regurgitation.
Explanation:
Dominant alleles express their trait when present, masking recessive alleles. A gene is a DNA segment; alleles are its variants. Homozygous means identical alleles, recessive expressed only in homozygous state.
Explanation:
Bt brinjal is a transgenic eggplant (brinjal) developed by inserting the cry1Ac gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This gene codes for a crystal protein that is toxic to the larvae of the brinjal fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), a major pest that causes significant yield loss. When the insect ingests the plant tissue, the alkaline gut activates the toxin, creating pores in the gut lining and killing the pest.
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