The vector commonly used for cloning genes in plants is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The vector commonly used for cloning genes in plants is:
A. pBR322
B. Cosmid
C. Bacteriophage lambda
D. Ti plasmid
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a natural plant genetic engineer. It transfers T-DNA into the plant genome, making it an effective vector for introducing foreign genes in plant genetic engineering. pBR322 is a common E. coli cloning vector. Bacteriophage lambda and cosmids are used in animal/bacterial systems. Ti plasmid has revolutionized GM crop development.
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Question #1
The process of converting mRNA information into a polypeptide chain is:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Transduction
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide chain at the ribosome, where the genetic code in mRNA is read by tRNA anticodons to assemble amino acids in the correct order. Transcription produces mRNA from DNA, replication duplicates DNA, transduction is gene transfer by viruses. Translation involves initiation, elongation, and termination factors.
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Question #2
The vitamin that is required for the synthesis of melanin is:
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin B₆
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Vitamin C is a cofactor for the enzyme tyrosinase, which is involved in melanin synthesis. Vitamin A is for vision, B₆ for amino acid metabolism, D for calcium.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The largest and most diverse phylum in the animal kingdom is:
A. Chordata
B. Arthropoda
C. Annelida
D. Mollusca
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Arthropoda is the largest phylum, with over a million described species, including insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods. They are characterized by jointed appendages, chitinous exoskeleton, and segmented bodies. Insects alone represent the majority of animal species. Chordata is comparatively smaller.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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