Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in carboxylation reactions? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that adds repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes (telomeres), preventing them from shortening during DNA replication. It is highly active in germ cells, stem cells, and most cancer cells, granting them replicative immortality. In most normal somatic cells, telomerase is inactive, leading to gradual telomere shortening and cellular aging.

Explanation:
Golden rice is genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene (provitamin A) in the endosperm, to address vitamin A deficiency.

Explanation:
Transduction is the transfer of bacterial DNA by a bacteriophage (virus). Transformation is uptake of free DNA, conjugation is direct transfer via pilus, binary fission is reproduction.