Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Vernalization is the process by which many plants, particularly biennials and winter annuals (like winter wheat, cabbage, and carrots), require exposure to a prolonged period of low temperature (cold treatment) before they can initiate flowering. This prevents the plant from flowering in the autumn, ensuring it survives the winter and flowers in the spring or summer. The cold stimulus is perceived by the apical meristem or the germinating seed.

Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) is produced by methanogenic bacteria in anaerobic conditions of flooded rice paddies. It is a potent greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential many times that of CO₂. Nitrous oxide comes from fertilizers, CO₂ from fossil fuels, CFCs from refrigerants. Methane also comes from livestock.

Explanation:
Amoebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It is transmitted through ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dysentery (bloody stools). It can also spread to the liver, causing amoebic liver abscesses.