Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' and is semi-autonomous? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis and transmitted to humans by the bite of infected fleas (from rodents), thus vector-borne. Common cold is airborne, typhoid is water/food-borne, tetanus enters through wounds from soil. Other vector-borne diseases include malaria (mosquito), dengue (mosquito), Lyme disease (tick).

Explanation:
Gout is a form of arthritis resulting from hyperuricemia and deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints, causing intense pain and inflammation. It is often diet-related. Rheumatoid arthritis is autoimmune, osteoarthritis is degenerative, osteoporosis is loss of bone mass.

Explanation:
Mature plant cells contain a large central vacuole that stores water, ions, pigments, and waste products, and is critical for maintaining turgor pressure against the cell wall, providing structural support. The vacuole can occupy up to 90% of cell volume. The reason correctly explains the function of the vacuole, so both statements are true and linked.