Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' and is semi-autonomous? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Humulin is the trade name for the first genetically engineered human insulin, approved by the FDA in 1982. Prior to this, insulin for diabetic patients was extracted from the pancreases of pigs and cows, which could cause allergic reactions. Humulin is produced by inserting the human insulin genes into Escherichia coli bacteria, which then synthesize the exact amino acid sequence of human insulin, eliminating the risk of animal-derived immune reactions.

Explanation:
Secondary consumers are carnivores or omnivores that eat primary consumers (herbivores). Example: frog eating grasshopper. Producers are autotrophs, primary consumers are herbivores, decomposers break down dead matter. Trophic levels represent energy transfer steps. Energy decreases at each higher level.

Explanation:
The common cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract. While many viruses can cause it, Rhinoviruses are the most common causative agents, responsible for 30-50% of cases. Coronaviruses and adenoviruses can also cause colds. Influenza virus causes the flu, which is a more severe respiratory illness.