In the endocrine system, the hormone 'Oxytocin' is synthesized in the hypothalamus but is stored and released by the:
A. Thyroid gland
B. Posterior pituitary (Neurohypophysis)
C. Anterior pituitary
D. Adrenal medulla
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Oxytocin (and ADH/vasopressin) are peptide hormones synthesized by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus (supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei). They are transported down the axons of these neurons and stored in the nerve terminals of the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis). Upon neural stimulation, they are released directly into the bloodstream from the posterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary synthesizes its own hormones.
Explanation:
Root hairs are unicellular extensions of epidermal cells found in the zone of maturation (differentiation) of the root, just behind the zone of elongation. They increase surface area for water and mineral absorption. The root cap protects the tip, the meristematic zone contains dividing cells, and the elongation zone causes root lengthening.
Explanation:
Beriberi is a disease affecting the nervous and cardiovascular systems due to lack of thiamine (B₁). Scurvy is vitamin C deficiency, pellagra is niacin (B₃), rickets is vitamin D. Thiamine is a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism.
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