Physics MCQs

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Physics MCQs

Practice the latest Physics MCQs with answers and detailed explanations. This section includes chapter-wise multiple-choice questions covering mechanics, motion, force, work and energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, modern physics, waves, optics, and other important topics. These exam-oriented MCQs are ideal for Class 9–12, NEET, JEE, CUET, SSC, Banking, Railway, JKSSB, Defence, Police, and other competitive exams.

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Page 26 of 65
Question #501
Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
A. Nuclear fuel
B. Coal
C. Petroleum
D. Solar energy
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Solar, wind, hydro, biomass renewable. Coal, oil, natural gas fossil fuels, non-renewable. Nuclear fuel uranium finite. Renewable replenish naturally.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #502
The magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid is
A. Uniform
B. Zero
C. Strong at ends and weak in middle
D. Inversely proportional to current
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Ideal solenoid interior has uniform magnetic field B = μ₀ n I, parallel to axis. Outside field weak. Used in electromagnets, relays. Uniformity for scientific instruments.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #503
A ray of light passes from air to glass (refractive index 1.5). If angle of incidence is 30°, angle of refraction is (sin30=0.5)
A. 19.47°
B. 60°
C. 45°
D. 30°
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Snell's law: n₁ sin i = n₂ sin r. 1×0.5 = 1.5 sin r => sin r = 0.5/1.5 = 1/3 ≈ 0.3333 => r ≈ 19.47°. So A.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #504
The unit of work is
A. Watt
B. Newton
C. Joule
D. Pascal
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Joule = N·m. Work = force × displacement. Energy also joule. Watt = J/s. Newton force. Pascal pressure.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #505
A person cannot see distant objects clearly. This defect is called
A. Myopia
B. Presbyopia
C. Hypermetropia
D. Cataract
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Myopia (nearsightedness): image formed before retina, corrected with concave lens. Hypermetropia: cannot see near objects. Presbyopia age-related. Cataract lens opacity.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #506
The speed of light is maximum in
A. Glass
B. Vacuum
C. Water
D. Diamond
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Light speed max in vacuum c = 3×10⁸ m/s. Slower in medium, v = c/n. Higher n, slower. Diamond n≈2.42, speed lowest. Vacuum n=1.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #507
The boiling point of water in Kelvin is
A. 273 K
B. 212 K
C. 373 K
D. 100 K
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
100°C = 373.15 K, approximately 373 K. Freezing 273 K. No degree sign for Kelvin. Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #508
An electric iron draws 5 A at 220 V. Its power is
A. 1100 W
B. 2200 W
C. 44 W
D. 550 W
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
P = V×I = 220 × 5 = 1100 W = 1.1 kW. Energy consumed in 2 hours = 2.2 kWh. Simple.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #509
The force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact is
A. Gravitational force
B. Electrostatic force
C. Magnetic force
D. Frictional force
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Friction acts parallel to surfaces, opposes motion. Static, kinetic, rolling friction. Depends on normal force and surface roughness. Necessary for walking, vehicles.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #510
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the highest frequency?
A. Radio waves
B. Microwaves
C. Gamma rays
D. X-rays
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Gamma rays highest frequency >10¹⁹ Hz, shortest wavelength. X-rays next. Radio lowest frequency. Frequency increases: Radio, microwave, IR, visible, UV, X-ray, gamma.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #511
A wire of resistance 6 Ω is stretched to thrice its original length. New resistance is
A. 36 Ω
B. 18 Ω
C. 54 Ω
D. 2 Ω
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
R ∝ L² (volume constant). L'=3L => R' = 3² × 6 = 9×6 = 54 Ω. Generally, R' = n² R for stretching n times. Important concept.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #512
The device that converts AC to DC is
A. Oscillator
B. Amplifier
C. Rectifier
D. Transformer
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Rectifier uses diodes to convert AC to pulsating DC. Filter capacitors smooth it. Used in power supplies. Inverter does DC to AC. Transformer changes AC voltage.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #513
The unit of latent heat of fusion is
A. W
B. J/°C
C. J/kg
D. J
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Latent heat per unit mass, Q = mL => L = Q/m, unit J/kg (or cal/g). Specific latent heat. Not per degree.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #514
The direction of magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet is
A. North to South
B. Same as outside
C. South to North
D. Random
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Outside magnet, lines from North to South. Inside magnet, they go from South to North, forming closed loops. Magnetic field lines continuous, no start/end.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #515
The dimensional formula of Planck's constant is identical to that of:
A. Angular momentum
B. Force
C. Torque
D. Linear momentum
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Planck's constant (h) has dimensions [ML²T⁻¹]. Angular momentum (L = mvr) has dimensions [M][LT⁻¹][L] = [ML²T⁻¹], matching exactly. Linear momentum is [MLT⁻¹], force is [MLT⁻²], and torque is [ML²T⁻²]. This dimensional equivalence is fundamental in quantum mechanics, linking wave-particle duality. Memory tip: Both represent 'action' quantities with identical dimensional structure. This concept frequently appears in competitive exams testing dimensional analysis skills.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #516
A student measures the length of a rod as 3.50 cm using a vernier caliper with least count 0.01 cm. The number of significant figures in this measurement is:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The measurement 3.50 cm has three significant figures. All non-zero digits (3,5) are significant, and the trailing zero after the decimal point is also significant as it indicates precision of the measuring instrument. The least count of 0.01 cm confirms that the measurement is precise to hundredths place. Significant figures reflect measurement reliability. Exam tip: Trailing zeros after decimal are always significant; leading zeros are never significant. This concept is crucial for error analysis in experimental physics questions.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #517
Which of the following physical quantities has the same dimensional formula as that of pressure?
A. Power per unit volume
B. Force per unit length
C. Momentum per unit area
D. Energy per unit volume
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Pressure has dimensions [ML⁻¹T⁻²]. Energy per unit volume: Energy is [ML²T⁻²], volume is [L³], so [ML²T⁻²]/[L³] = [ML⁻¹T⁻²], matching pressure. Force per unit length is [MLT⁻²]/[L] = [MT⁻²]. Momentum per unit area is [MLT⁻¹]/[L²] = [ML⁻¹T⁻¹]. Power per unit volume is [ML²T⁻³]/[L³] = [ML⁻¹T⁻³]. This dimensional equivalence explains why pressure appears in Bernoulli's equation alongside energy density. Memory aid: Pressure and energy density both represent stored energy per spatial dimension.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #518
The prefix 'femto' in SI units represents a factor of:
A. 10⁻¹²
B. 10⁻⁹
C. 10⁻¹⁸
D. 10⁻¹⁵
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The SI prefix 'femto' denotes a factor of 10⁻¹⁵. This is standardized by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. Common prefixes: pico (10⁻¹²), femto (10⁻¹⁵), atto (10⁻¹⁸), nano (10⁻⁹). Femtometer (10⁻¹⁵ m) is used in nuclear physics to measure atomic nuclei sizes. Exam tip: Remember the sequence: pico, femto, atto for decreasing scales. This question tests fundamental knowledge of SI prefixes essential for unit conversions in competitive examinations.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #519
A screw gauge has a pitch of 1 mm and 100 divisions on its circular scale. The least count of this instrument is:
A. 0.001 mm
B. 0.01 mm
C. 0.1 mm
D. 0.0001 mm
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Least count of screw gauge = Pitch / Number of circular scale divisions. Given pitch = 1 mm, divisions = 100, so LC = 1 mm / 100 = 0.01 mm. This represents the smallest measurement the instrument can accurately detect. Screw gauges measure small dimensions like wire diameter with high precision. Memory tip: Least count formula is universal for vernier and screw instruments: value per division on main scale divided by total circular divisions. This concept is frequently tested in practical physics sections of competitive exams.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #520
If the error in measurement of radius of a sphere is 2%, the percentage error in the calculated volume of the sphere will be:
A. 8%
B. 6%
C. 2%
D. 4%
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Volume of sphere V = (4/3)πr³. For error propagation, percentage error in V = 3 × (percentage error in r). Given error in r is 2%, so error in V = 3 × 2% = 6%. This follows the power rule: if Q = xⁿ, then % error in Q = |n| × % error in x. This principle is crucial for experimental error analysis. Exam tip: Remember that volume depends on cube of radius, so errors amplify threefold. This type of question tests understanding of error propagation in derived quantities.
This question belongs to: Science Physics

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