The disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Villi are microscopic finger-like projections on the inner lining of the small intestine, covered with microvilli (brush border), greatly increasing surface area for absorption of digested nutrients. Each villus contains a lacteal (lymph capillary) and blood capillaries. Alveoli are in lungs, nephrons in kidneys, cilia are hair-like projections on cells.

Explanation:
Aspergillosis is an opportunistic fungal infection, often affecting the lungs, caused by inhalation of Aspergillus spores. Candidiasis is by Candida, ringworm by dermatophytes, histoplasmosis by Histoplasma.

Explanation:
Louis Pasteur, a French microbiologist, is famous for several groundbreaking contributions. He developed the process of pasteurization (heating liquids to kill harmful microbes). He also conclusively disproved the theory of spontaneous generation using his famous swan-neck flask experiment, demonstrating that life only arises from pre-existing life (biogenesis). He also developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax.