The 'Hormone Relaxin' is secreted by the corpus luteum and the placenta during pregnancy primarily to:
A. Stimulate milk production
B. Relax the smooth muscles of the uterus and soften the pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis for childbirth
C. Increase blood glucose levels
D. Stimulate uterine contractions
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Relaxin is a peptide hormone produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta during pregnancy. Its primary roles are to relax the smooth muscles of the uterus (inhibiting contractions to maintain pregnancy) and to soften and increase the flexibility of the connective tissues in the pelvis, specifically the pelvic ligaments and the pubic symphysis. This relaxation and widening of the pelvic joints facilitate the passage of the baby through the birth canal during delivery.
Explanation:
The medulla oblongata contains centers for heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. Hypothalamus controls temperature and hunger, cerebrum intelligence and memory, cerebellum coordination.
Explanation:
The loop of Henle, especially the descending limb (permeable to water) and ascending limb (impermeable, active salt transport), creates an osmotic gradient in the medulla. This countercurrent multiplier system enables the kidney to produce concentrated or dilute urine depending on hydration status. ADH acts on the collecting duct to utilize this gradient.
Explanation:
The nephron is the fundamental structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney contains about one million nephrons. A nephron consists of two main parts: the renal corpuscle (Malpighian body, containing the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule) and the renal tubule (PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT). It is responsible for urine formation.
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