The pigment responsible for the orange color in carrots is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The pigment responsible for the orange color in carrots is:
A. Xanthophyll
B. Lycopene
C. Chlorophyll
D. Beta-carotene
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Beta-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A (provitamin A) and imparts an orange color to carrots, pumpkins, and sweet potatoes. Lycopene gives red color to tomatoes, chlorophyll is green, xanthophyll is yellow. Beta-carotene is an antioxidant and is important for vision and immune function.

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The main excretory product in humans is:
A. Uric acid
B. Urea
C. Creatinine
D. Ammonia

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Humans are ureotelic—they excrete nitrogenous waste mainly as urea, which is less toxic than ammonia and requires moderate water for excretion. Ammonia is excreted by aquatic animals, uric acid by birds and reptiles (to conserve water), and creatinine is also excreted but is a minor component compared to urea.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The scientist who proved that microorganisms cause disease was:
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C. Joseph Lister
D. Robert Koch

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Robert Koch established Koch's postulates, demonstrating that specific microbes cause specific diseases (anthrax, tuberculosis, cholera).

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Question #3
The vitamin that is a component of coenzyme A is:
A. Thiamine
B. Pantothenic acid
C. Biotin
D. Folic acid

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B₅) is a component of coenzyme A (CoA), which is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins via the Krebs cycle and fatty acid synthesis. Thiamine is TPP, biotin for carboxylation, folic acid for one-carbon transfer.

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