The scientist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection is:
A. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
B. Charles Darwin
C. Gregor Mendel
D. Louis Pasteur
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Charles Darwin, in 'On the Origin of Species' (1859), proposed natural selection as the mechanism for evolution, based on variation, inheritance, and differential survival. Mendel discovered genetics, Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation, Lamarck proposed inheritance of acquired characters. Wallace independently arrived at natural selection.
Explanation:
Glycogen is a highly branched polysaccharide of glucose, often referred to as 'animal starch'. It is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in animals and fungi. It is mainly stored in the liver and muscle cells. When blood glucose levels drop, glycogen is broken down (glycogenolysis) to release glucose for energy.
Explanation:
Alexander Fleming, a Scottish bacteriologist, discovered penicillin in 1928. He returned from a vacation to find that a Petri dish containing Staphylococcus bacteria had been accidentally contaminated by a mold. He noticed a clear zone around the mold where the bacteria had been killed. The mold was identified as Penicillium notatum, and the antibacterial substance was named penicillin.
Explanation:
The axon is a long process that transmits action potentials from the soma to the target cell (neuron, muscle, or gland). Dendrites receive signals, soma is the cell body, synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters.
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