Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?

A. Tetanus

B. Measles

C. Tuberculosis

D. Kala-azar

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani, transmitted by sandfly bite. Tetanus is bacterial (Clostridium tetani), tuberculosis bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), measles viral. Protozoan diseases include malaria, amoebiasis, sleeping sickness, giardiasis. Kala-azar causes fever, weight loss, splenomegaly, and is endemic in parts of India.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about human diseases: 1. HIV attacks the immune system. 2. Malaria is caused by a virus. 3. Tuberculosis affects the lungs. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 and 3 only

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T-helper cells, severely compromising the immune system and leading to AIDS. Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs (pulmonary TB). Malaria is not caused by a virus; it is caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium, transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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Question #2

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The pigment that is essential for vision in low light is:

A. Hemoglobin

B. Rhodopsin

C. Melanin

D. Iodopsin

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Rhodopsin (visual purple) in rod cells of the retina consists of opsin and retinal (derived from vitamin A). It bleaches in light, triggering nerve impulses. It is highly sensitive, enabling night vision. Iodopsin is in cones for color vision.

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Question #3

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The hormone that promotes the development of the mammary glands during pregnancy is:

A. Progesterone

B. Oxytocin

C. Estrogen

D. Prolactin

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Progesterone stimulates the development of alveolar tissue of the breasts during pregnancy. Estrogen promotes duct development. Prolactin initiates milk synthesis, oxytocin ejection.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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