Which of the following is a positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Valley fog forms in mountain valleys due to temperature inversions, where cold, dense air settles in the valley, and radiation fog forms in the cooler air.

Explanation:
A negative IOD event is characterized by warmer than normal sea surface temperatures in the eastern Indian Ocean and cooler than normal in the west. This often leads to increased rainfall over Indonesia and Australia and reduced rainfall over East Africa.

Explanation:
Polar maritime air masses are cold and humid, originating over cold ocean waters in polar regions. They often bring cool, cloudy, and wet weather to affected regions.