Consider statements about evolution: 1. The theory of use and disuse was given by Lamarck. 2. The theory of natural selection was given by Darwin. 3. The theory of mutation was given by Hugo de Vries. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Charles Darwin, in 'On the Origin of Species' (1859), proposed natural selection as the mechanism for evolution, based on variation, inheritance, and differential survival. Mendel discovered genetics, Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation, Lamarck proposed inheritance of acquired characters. Wallace independently arrived at natural selection.

Explanation:
Biopesticides, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), neem extracts, and Trichoderma, are generally target-specific, affecting only certain pests while sparing beneficial organisms, humans, and the environment. They are biodegradable and do not accumulate. Chemical pesticides often kill a wide range of species, persist, and cause pollution. Biopesticides are key in Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

Explanation:
Fats provide about 9 kcal per gram, while carbohydrates and proteins provide about 4 kcal/g each. Vitamins are not energy-yielding. Therefore, fats are the most energy-dense macronutrient, serving as long-term energy storage. However, carbohydrates are the primary fuel. Excess fat storage leads to obesity. Fats also aid in absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.