Soils of India MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #241

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Which mineral is mainly responsible for the sticky nature of black soil?

A. Feldspar

B. Quartz

C. Mica

D. Clay

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Black soil contains a high percentage of clay, which becomes sticky when wet and develops deep cracks when dry.

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Question #242

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Which crop is known to thrive in the acidic conditions of laterite soil?

A. Gram

B. Tea

C. Barley

D. Wheat

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Tea grows well in acidic soils. Laterite soils, after proper manuring, support tea plantations in hilly regions.

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Question #243

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The process of soil formation from parent rock is called:

A. Transpiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Sedimentation

D. Pedogenesis

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Pedogenesis refers to the formation and development of soil from weathered parent material.

This question belongs to: Geography GK Soils of India

Question #244

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Which soil is rich in iron but poor in nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus?

A. Alluvial Soil

B. Black Soil

C. Red Soil

D. Peaty Soil

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Red soil contains abundant iron oxide but lacks essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter.

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Question #245

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The major soil type found in the Godavari and Krishna river valleys is:

A. Alluvial Soil

B. Desert Soil

C. Black Soil

D. Mountain Soil

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
River valleys such as the Godavari and Krishna have fertile alluvial deposits suitable for agriculture.

This question belongs to: Geography GK Soils of India

Question #246

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Which type of erosion occurs when water removes soil uniformly from a large area?

A. Sheet Erosion

B. Wind Erosion

C. Gully Erosion

D. Ravine Erosion

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Sheet erosion removes a thin, uniform layer of topsoil over a broad area.

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Question #247

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The soil most suitable for oilseed cultivation in peninsular India is:

A. Red Soil

B. Saline Soil

C. Peaty Soil

D. Desert Soil

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Red soils support crops such as groundnut, millets, pulses, and oilseeds.

This question belongs to: Geography GK Soils of India

Question #248

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Which soil horizon is commonly called the zone of leaching?

A. C Horizon

B. R Horizon

C. A Horizon

D. B Horizon

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The A Horizon loses minerals through leaching and is therefore known as the zone of leaching.

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Question #249

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Which soil horizon is known as the zone of accumulation?

A. R Horizon

B. O Horizon

C. A Horizon

D. B Horizon

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The B Horizon accumulates minerals leached from the A Horizon and is called the zone of accumulation.

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Question #250

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Which Indian state has extensive red soil coverage?

A. Haryana

B. Punjab

C. Jammu & Kashmir

D. Tamil Nadu

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Tamil Nadu has widespread red soil derived from ancient crystalline rocks.

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Question #251

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Which soil is best suited for millet cultivation in arid regions?

A. Mountain Soil

B. Desert Soil

C. Laterite Soil

D. Peaty Soil

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Millets like bajra can grow in sandy desert soils with limited rainfall.

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Question #252

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The primary source of alluvial soil deposits in India is:

A. Volcanoes

B. Rivers

C. Glaciers only

D. Sea waves

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Rivers transport and deposit sediments that form fertile alluvial soils.

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Question #253

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Which soil contains a high percentage of calcium carbonate nodules?

A. Khadar

B. Forest Soil

C. Peaty Soil

D. Bangar

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Bangar soil contains kankar, which are calcium carbonate nodules.

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Question #254

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What is the major reason for low humus content in desert soils?

A. Dense vegetation

B. Heavy rainfall

C. Frequent floods

D. Sparse vegetation

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Sparse vegetation means less organic matter is available to form humus.

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Question #255

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Which crop is commonly grown in black soil areas of Gujarat?

A. Tea

B. Cotton

C. Jute

D. Rubber

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Gujarat is a major cotton-producing state due to its extensive black soil regions.

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Question #256

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The term 'soil texture' refers to:

A. Color of soil

B. Water content

C. Soil fertility

D. Particle size composition

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Soil texture is determined by the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay.

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Question #257

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Which soil has the highest proportion of organic matter?

A. Desert Soil

B. Peaty Soil

C. Red Soil

D. Black Soil

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Peaty soils are rich in partially decomposed organic matter and humus.

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Question #258

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Which soil is commonly found in marshy areas?

A. Peaty Soil

B. Red Soil

C. Alluvial Soil

D. Black Soil

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Marshy regions with waterlogging favor the formation of peaty soils.

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Question #259

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Which soil conservation method reduces runoff by dividing slopes into steps?

A. Terrace Farming

B. Contour Ploughing

C. Mulching

D. Strip Cropping

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Terrace farming creates step-like fields that reduce runoff and soil erosion.

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Question #260

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Which soil is most suitable for maize cultivation in northern India?

A. Alluvial Soil

B. Desert Soil

C. Laterite Soil

D. Saline Soil

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Alluvial soil provides favorable conditions for maize cultivation.

This question belongs to: Geography GK Soils of India

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