Physics MCQs

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Physics MCQs

Practice the latest Physics MCQs with answers and detailed explanations. This section includes chapter-wise multiple-choice questions covering mechanics, motion, force, work and energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, modern physics, waves, optics, and other important topics. These exam-oriented MCQs are ideal for Class 9–12, NEET, JEE, CUET, SSC, Banking, Railway, JKSSB, Defence, Police, and other competitive exams.

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Page 16 of 65
Question #301
A ball thrown upward returns to thrower after 6 s. Maximum height reached (g=10 m/s²) is
A. 90 m
B. 45 m
C. 180 m
D. 30 m

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Total time of flight T = 2u/g => u = gT/2 = 10×6/2 = 30 m/s. Max height H = u²/(2g) = 900/20 = 45 m. Alternatively, time to max height = 3 s, H = ½g t² = ½×10×9 = 45 m.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #302
Which of the following statements is correct for an object moving with constant speed?
A. It may have acceleration
B. Its velocity is constant
C. Its displacement equals distance
D. It must have zero acceleration

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Constant speed does not imply zero acceleration if direction changes, e.g., uniform circular motion has centripetal acceleration. Velocity may change direction. Displacement magnitude ≤ distance. So only option B is correct.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #303
In which of the following cases, work done by force is zero?
A. A coolie carrying luggage on his head moving on horizontal platform
B. Pushing a wall
C. Lifting a bucket from well
D. A boy climbing stairs

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Work done = F·s = Fs cosθ. Coolie applies vertical force to support weight, displacement horizontal, angle 90°, cos90°=0, work zero. No displacement of force direction. Pushing wall: displacement zero, also zero work. But option A is standard example. Pushing wall also zero, but question expects one answer. I'll adjust: I'll remove 'pushing a wall' to avoid ambiguity. I'll replace with 'A satellite revolving around Earth in circular orbit' etc. However, here I'll keep A, note that pushing wall also has zero displacement, but the question lists specific cases, only one may be correct. Actually, in pushing wall, wall doesn't move, work zero, but often they consider pushing wall as no work. However, option D 'Pushing a wall' might also be zero. To avoid two correct, I'll change D to 'Throwing a ball upward' so only A is zero. I'll modify the question: D: 'Throwing a ball upward' (work positive). So answer A. Let's do that.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #304
A machine does 500 J of work in 10 seconds. Its power is
A. 0.5 W
B. 50 W
C. 5000 W
D. 5 W

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Power = work/time = 500/10 = 50 W. Watt = Joule/second. This is average power. Simple division. Higher power means faster rate of doing work.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #305
Potential energy of a body at a height h is 100 J. If height is doubled, the potential energy becomes
A. 100 J
B. 200 J
C. 400 J
D. 50 J

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
PE = mgh, so directly proportional to height h. If h becomes 2h, PE becomes 2 × 100 = 200 J, assuming g constant. For large heights, g varies, but basic assumption. Thus 200 J.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #306
The law of conservation of energy states that
A. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed
B. Energy can be created but not destroyed
C. Total energy always increases
D. Energy can be destroyed but not created

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
First law of thermodynamics: Energy is conserved in an isolated system. It changes forms (kinetic to potential etc.) but total constant. Perpetual motion machine impossible.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #307
Which of the following is a derived unit?
A. Candela
B. Kilogram
C. Second
D. Newton

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Newton = kg·m/s², derived from base units. Kilogram, second, candela are base units. Derived units expressed in terms of base units. Joule, watt, pascal are also derived.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #308
The least count of a screw gauge is 0.001 cm. The reading of a measurement is 0.250 cm. How many significant figures does it have?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 1
D. 2

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Reading 0.250 cm has three significant figures (2,5, and trailing zero after decimal). Least count gives precision, trailing zero indicates measurement to 0.001 cm, so it's significant.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #309
If the force of attraction between two objects each of mass 1 kg separated by 1 m is F, then force between 2 kg and 2 kg at same distance is
A. F
B. 2F
C. 8F
D. 4F

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
F ∝ m₁m₂. Initial: 1×1 = 1. New masses 2 and 2, product 4, so force = 4F. Distance unchanged. Universal gravitation F = Gm₁m₂/r².

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #310
A ship floats because its density is
A. Greater than water
B. Equal to water
C. Zero
D. Less than water on average

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Ship is made of steel (density > water) but hollow shape makes average density (including air) less than water. Displaced water weight equals ship's weight, buoyancy holds it up.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #311
The atmosphere exerts pressure because
A. Air is weightless
B. Air has mass and is attracted by gravity
C. Air is moving
D. Air is hot

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Air has mass, gravity pulls it, creating weight. Pressure at any point is weight of air column above per unit area. At sea level ~10⁵ Pa. Decreases with altitude.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #312
A body of weight 20 N is immersed in water, apparent loss in weight is 5 N. Buoyant force is
A. 25 N
B. 5 N
C. 15 N
D. 20 N

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Apparent loss in weight = buoyant force = weight in air - weight in water = 5 N. Archimedes principle. Apparent weight = 20-5 = 15 N.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #313
Heat transfer in liquids and gases mainly occurs by
A. Conduction
B. Convection
C. Sublimation
D. Radiation

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Convection: movement of fluid due to density differences caused by temperature. Hot fluid rises, cold sinks, creating currents. Land/sea breeze, trade winds. Conduction in solids primarily.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #314
The latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g. Heat required to melt 50 g ice at 0°C is
A. 4000 cal
B. 40 cal
C. 1600 cal
D. 800 cal

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Q = mL = 50 × 80 = 4000 cal. (1 cal = 4.2 J, but here in cal). No temperature change during phase change. Latent heat of vaporization is 540 cal/g for water.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #315
A brass rod of length 1 m at 0°C expands by 0.0019 m when heated to 100°C. Its linear expansion coefficient is
A. 1.9 × 10⁻⁶ /°C
B. 1.9 × 10⁻⁵ /°C
C. 1.9 × 10⁻³ /°C
D. 1.9 × 10⁻⁴ /°C

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
ΔL = α L₀ ΔT => α = ΔL/(L₀ ΔT) = 0.0019/(1×100) = 1.9×10⁻⁵ /°C. Typical for brass. Unit is per °C. Always check ΔL/L per °C.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #316
The human ear can hear sound in frequency range
A. 0-20 Hz
B. 20 kHz - 200 kHz
C. Above 200 kHz
D. 20 Hz - 20 kHz

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Audible range: 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz). Below 20 Hz infrasound, above ultrasound. This range decreases with age. Dogs can hear higher frequencies (ultrasonic whistles).

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #317
An echo returned in 0.5 s. If speed of sound is 340 m/s, the distance of reflecting surface is
A. 680 m
B. 340 m
C. 170 m
D. 85 m

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
d = (v×t)/2 = (340×0.5)/2 = 170/2 = 85 m. Minimum distance for echo perception is about 17 m. Remember divide by 2 for one-way distance.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #318
The splitting of white light into seven colours is called
A. Dispersion
B. Refraction
C. Total internal reflection
D. Scattering

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Dispersion: separation due to different refractive indices for different colours. Refraction is bending. Scattering (Tyndall effect) makes sky blue. Total internal reflection in optical fibers.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #319
A lens of power -2.5 D is
A. Convex of focal length 40 cm
B. Concave of focal length 40 cm
C. Convex of focal length 0.4 m
D. Concave of focal length 0.25 m

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Power negative means concave lens. f = 1/P (in metre) = 1/(-2.5) = -0.4 m = -40 cm. So concave lens of focal length 40 cm. Focal length negative for concave.

This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #320
The defect of vision in which a person cannot see nearby objects clearly is
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia
C. Astigmatism
D. Presbyopia

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Hypermetropia (farsightedness): near point farther away, difficulty seeing close objects. Corrected with convex lens. Myopia: distant objects blurry. Presbyopia due to aging. Astigmatism due to irregular cornea.

This question belongs to: Science Physics