Physics MCQs

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Physics MCQs

Practice the latest Physics MCQs with answers and detailed explanations. This section includes chapter-wise multiple-choice questions covering mechanics, motion, force, work and energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, modern physics, waves, optics, and other important topics. These exam-oriented MCQs are ideal for Class 9–12, NEET, JEE, CUET, SSC, Banking, Railway, JKSSB, Defence, Police, and other competitive exams.

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Page 17 of 65
Question #321
Which of the following materials is used as a fuse wire?
A. Aluminium
B. Copper
C. Silver
D. Tin-lead alloy
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Fuse wire made of alloy of tin and lead (or copper with low melting point). It has low melting point and high resistance. Copper has high melting point, not suitable for fuse. Silver expensive. Aluminium not typical.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #322
The relation V = IR is applicable to
A. Ohmic conductors
B. Semiconductors
C. Gaseous conductors
D. Non-ohmic devices
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Ohm's law V=IR is linear relationship, valid for ohmic materials like metals at constant temperature. Non-ohmic do not follow linear I-V. Semiconductors are non-ohmic.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #323
Which particle has no charge?
A. Proton
B. Electron
C. Neutron
D. Alpha particle
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Neutron is neutral (charge 0). Proton +e, electron -e. Alpha particle +2e. Neutron mass slightly more than proton. Discovered by Chadwick.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #324
Gamma rays are
A. Electromagnetic radiation of very high frequency
B. Slow neutrons
C. Fast electrons
D. Helium nuclei
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Gamma rays are photons, electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than X-rays, produced in nuclear transitions. No mass, no charge. Highly penetrating. Stopped by thick lead.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #325
The process of combining two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus is
A. Chain reaction
B. Fission
C. Radioactive decay
D. Fusion
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Nuclear fusion: e.g., hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium fuse to helium, releasing energy. Powers Sun and stars. Requires high temperature (thermonuclear). Fusion reactor under development.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #326
The frequency of a seconds pendulum is
A. 1 Hz
B. 0.25 Hz
C. 2 Hz
D. 0.5 Hz
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Seconds pendulum has time period of 2 seconds (1 s for half swing). Frequency f = 1/T = 1/2 = 0.5 Hz. Length about 99.4 cm on Earth. Not exactly 1 m.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #327
A typical LED converts electrical energy into light with efficiency around
A. 80-90%
B. 10%
C. 100%
D. 50-60%
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
LEDs are highly efficient, converting ~80-90% of electrical energy into light, rest heat. Incandescent bulbs ~10% efficient. LED long life, low power. Blue LED Nobel prize 2014.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #328
The scientist who proposed the laws of motion and universal gravitation is
A. Nikola Tesla
B. Galileo Galilei
C. Albert Einstein
D. Isaac Newton
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Isaac Newton formulated three laws of motion and law of universal gravitation in Principia (1687). He also contributed to calculus, optics. Galileo experiments on motion. Einstein relativity.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #329
The working principle of a hydrogen bomb is
A. Chemical reaction
B. Nuclear fission
C. Nuclear fusion
D. Radioactive decay
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Hydrogen bomb (thermonuclear weapon) uses uncontrolled nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes, triggered by a fission bomb. Releases enormous energy. Sun also uses fusion. Fission used in atomic bomb.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #330
The device used to measure electric potential difference is
A. Galvanometer
B. Ohmmeter
C. Ammeter
D. Voltmeter
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Voltmeter measures potential difference in volts. Connected in parallel, high resistance. Galvanometer detects small current, can be converted to ammeter/voltmeter. Ammeter for current. Ohmmeter for resistance.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #331
A wire of resistance 10 Ω is stretched to double its length. Its new resistance is
A. 5 Ω
B. 40 Ω
C. 10 Ω
D. 20 Ω
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Resistance R = ρL/A. Volume constant: A ∝ 1/L. Stretching length to 2L reduces area to A/2. New R' = ρ(2L)/(A/2) = 4ρL/A = 4R = 40 Ω. Resistance proportional to (length)² when volume constant.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #332
A body is thrown vertically upward. At the highest point, its acceleration is
A. g downward
B. Zero
C. Variable
D. g upward
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
At highest point velocity is zero, but acceleration due to gravity is still g (9.8 m/s²) downward. This causes it to fall back. Acceleration constant throughout free fall.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #333
A car moving at constant velocity of 10 m/s has net force acting on it equal to
A. Zero
B. Frictional force
C. Force of engine
D. Weight of car
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Constant velocity implies zero acceleration, net force = 0 by Newton's first law. Engine force balances friction and air resistance. Net force zero, not necessarily zero forces.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #334
Which of the following has highest specific heat capacity?
A. Water
B. Copper
C. Aluminium
D. Iron
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Water has exceptionally high specific heat (4200 J/kg°C) due to hydrogen bonding. Used as coolant. Iron ~450, copper ~385, aluminium ~900. High specific heat moderates climate.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #335
The buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid depends on
A. Density of the object
B. Depth of immersion
C. Shape of the container
D. Density of the fluid and volume of displaced fluid
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Buoyant force = weight of displaced fluid = ρ_fluid × V_displaced × g. Independent of depth (if fluid incompressible) and object's density, though object density determines if it floats. Shape affects volume displaced when floating.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #336
The transfer of heat by the actual movement of particles is
A. Convection
B. Conduction
C. Radiation
D. Absorption
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Convection involves bulk movement of fluid particles (liquid/gas). Conduction: vibration transfer without particle movement. Radiation: EM waves. Absorption is taking in heat.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #337
The pitch of a sound becomes higher if
A. Speed decreases
B. Amplitude increases
C. Frequency increases
D. Wavelength increases
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Higher frequency → higher pitch. Amplitude increases loudness. Wavelength inversely proportional to frequency (v constant). So increasing frequency increases pitch.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #338
A convex lens is immersed in water. Its focal length
A. Remains same
B. Decreases
C. Increases
D. Becomes infinite
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lens maker's formula: 1/f = (μ_lens/μ_medium - 1)(...). In water, relative refractive index reduces, so power decreases, focal length increases. Glass in water behaves less converging.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #339
The heating element of an electric heater is made of
A. Nichrome
B. Aluminium
C. Iron
D. Copper
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Nichrome (alloy of nickel, chromium) has high resistivity and high melting point, doesn't oxidize easily at high temperature. Copper has low resistivity, not suitable for heating element.
This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #340
The device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is
A. Battery
B. Generator
C. Motor
D. Transformer
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Electric generator (dynamo/alternator) works on electromagnetic induction: mechanical rotation induces emf. Motor does opposite. Transformer changes voltage. Battery converts chemical to electrical.
This question belongs to: Science Physics

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